Indian Defence Review

Notes and References

1. Alemchiba, A Brief Historical Account of Nagaland, (Kohima: The Naga Institute of Culture, 1970,) p. 26.
2. AM Mackenzie, The North-east Frontier of India, (New Delhi: Mittel Publication, 1979), p. 91.
3. A Mackenzie, History of Relation of the Government with the Hill tribes of the NE Frontiers of Bengal, (Calcutta: 1884), p 114. Quoted by Prakash Singh, Nagaland, (New Delhi: National Book Trust, 1972), p. 18.
4. Ibid., p. 116.
5. Ibid., p. 26.
6. Ibid.
7. Asoso Yonuo, The Rising Nagas, (New Delhi: Vivek Publishing House, 1974), pp. 105, 106.
8. L Wati, Facts and Growth of Naga Nationalism, 1993, Published in Mokokchung, p. 18.
9. Phanjoubam Tarapot, Insurgency Movement in North-east India, (New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House), p. 105 and SK Chaube, Hill Politics in NE India, Reprint (New Delhi: Orient Longman, 1999), p 157.
10. L Wati, n.8., p. 29.
11. Ibid, p. 30.
12. Governor of Assam Memo No 88-c/47, Shillong, dated June 22, 1948, addressed to the Deputy Commissioner Naga Hills, Kohima, and signed by Bordoloi, Akbar Hydari and NK Rustomji, advisor to the Governor, reproduced in L Wati, n. 8., pp. 31,32.
13. RD Palsokar, Forever in Operations: History of 8 Mountain Division, p. 24.
14. Asoso Yonuo, n. 7., p. 203.
15. L Wati, n. 8., p. 55.
16. Ibid, p. 60.
17. RD Palsokar, n., 13., p. 28.
18. Ibid, p. 31.
19. Ibid, p. 32.
20. Tungti Chang had formed the Naga Home Guard and Kaito had formed Naga Safe Guard. The two were later merged to form Naga Home Guard, which later became the underground army. Ao Senba, The Naga Resistence Movement, (New Delhi: Regency Publication, 2001), p. 54.
21. A daughter of Phizo married an Indian Army officer and embraced Hinduism and took a Hindu name, Radhika. Phizo’s body was brought to New Delhi by British Airways plane on 10 May 1990 and was taken to his village where he was buried. .Kiran Shankar Maitra, The Noxious Web: Insurgency in North-east India, (New Delhi: Kaniska Publishers, 2001), p. 10.
22. RD Palsokar, n 17., p. 45.
23. Shankar Rao Deo did not take part in the deliberations due to ill health.
24. The extension of cease-fire was finally terminated in 1972 after an abortive attempt on the life of the Chief Minister, Hokise Sema.
25. YD Gundevia, War and Peace in Nagaland, (Dehradun: Palit and Palit, 1975), pp 129 -133. Chapter vii of the book describes the negotiating stance of the Naga delegation.
26. L Wati, n. 8., p. 112.
27. YD Gundevia, n. 25., p. 136.
28. Ibid, pp. 79-80, Gundevia gives an exhaustive account of Scott’s bias against the Government of India.
29. DR Mankekar, On Slippery Slope in Nagaland, (Bombay: Manaktala, 1967), pp. 19-29.
30. BG Verghese, India’s North-east resurgent, (New Delhi: Konark, 1996), p. 92.
31. NS Narhari, Security Threats to North-east India, (New Delhi: Manas, 2002), pp 217-18. Narhari is the former General Officer Commanding of Tezpur based 4 Corps and has done extensive research on North-east.
32. L Wati, n. 8., pp128-129. Also author’s interaction with Brig N Bahri who was the Brigade Major of 56 Mountain Brigade at Mokokchung and played a major role in preventing the rebels to cross the border.
33. NS Narhari, n. 31., p. 118.
34. The underground leaders signed the Accord as individuals and not as representative of NNC. This was later used by a section of the underground to repudiate the Accord.
35. NS Narhari, n. 31., p. 119.
36. L Wati, n. 8., p. 164.
37. BG Verghese, n. 30., p. 95.
38. Ibid., pp. 99-100.
39. NS Narhari, n. 31., p. 126.
40. Lt Gen Narhari (Retd) toured extensively in the North-east in the year 2000 to collect facts and impressions for his book, which was published in 2002.
41. J Johnston, Manipur and Naga Hills, (New Delhi: Gyan Publishers, 2002), pp 41-43. Manipur’s influence declined during its period of decadence just before and after the Burmese war of 1819-25. It was re-asserted during the time of Gambhir Singh, who reduced many villages, including Kohima, at which place he stood upon a stone and had his footprints sculpted on it as token of conquest. The Nagas greatly respected this stone and cleaned it from time to time.
42. Nirmal Nibedon, North-east India: The Ethnic Explosion, (New Delhi: Lancers, 1981), p. 28.
43. Nirmal Nibedon, Night of the Guerrillas, (New Delhi: Lancers, 1978), p. 74. Scato Swu confirmed this incident in an interview with Nirmal Nibedon.