Tawang is not part of China!
The Dalai Lama took refuge in India on March 31, 1959.
He crossed the Indian border at Khenzimane at the bottom of the famous Thagla ridge in West Kameng Frontier Division of the North-East Frontier Agency (today, Tawang District of Arunachal Pradesh).
It is interesting to note that, at that time (1959), the Chinese never thought to say that the Dalai Lama and his entourage were in 'Southern Tibet' (the term used today by Beijing to define Tawang). They knew perfectly well that the Tibetan leader had taken refuge on Indian territory.
Jawaharlal Nehru sent a senior officer of the Ministry of External Affairs, (PN Menon, father of the present National Security Adviser, Shivshankar Menon) to receive him.
Menon delivered to the Tibetan leader a message from the Prime Minister: "My colleagues and I welcome you and send greetings on your safe arrival in India. We shall be happy to afford the necessary facilities to you, your family and entourage to reside in India. The people of India, who hold you in great veneration, will no doubt accord their traditional respect to your personage. Kind regards to you."
Since then, the Dalai Lama has been a 'honoured guest' in India.
In his autobiography Freedom in Exile, the Dalai Lama remembered:
“…After bidding these people [his Khampa bodyguards] a tearful farewell, I was helped on to the broad back of a dzomo [hybrid of a yak and domestic cattle], for I was still too ill to ride a horse. And it was on this humble form of transport that I left my native land.
…We must have been a pitiful sight to the handful of Indian guards that met us at the border - eighty travellers, physically exhausted and mentally wretched from our ordeal. I was delighted, however, that an official I knew from my visit two years earlier was there to rendezvous with us. He explained that his orders were to escort me to Bomdila, a large town that lay a further week's travel away, for rest.”
Apart from the fact that historically this does not make sense (and I will come back to this issue in future postings), why did the Chinese not follow the Dalai Lama and his entourage into this area in 1959, if they really believed that it was a part of Chinese territory?
It is interesting to note that, at that time (1959), the Chinese never thought to say that the Dalai Lama and his entourage were in 'Southern Tibet' (the term used today by Beijing to define Tawang). They knew perfectly well that the Tibetan leader had taken refuge on Indian territory.
Strangely, Beijing is now insisting that Tawang district is part of the People's Republic of China. It is clearly an after-thought.
Special Representative and State Councillor Dai Bingguo told his Indian counterpart, Shivshankar Meonon during the 15th Meeting of the Special Representatives that India should first discuss the Eastern Sector of the boundary. Dai further asked Menon how much territory New Delhi would be ready to part with.
Apart from the fact that historically this does not make sense (and I will come back to this issue in future postings), why did the Chinese not follow the Dalai Lama and his entourage into this area in 1959, if they really believed that it was a part of Chinese territory?
The answer is clear, it was not Chinese territory and Mao knew it.
So, why claim the area 53 years later?
Further, under the 2005 Guidelines (Agreement between the Government of the Republic of India and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the Political Parameters and Guiding Principles for the Settlement of the India-China Boundary Question), it was agreed that "In reaching a boundary settlement, the two sides shall safeguard due interests of their settled populations in the border areas."
The answer is clear, it was not Chinese territory and Mao knew it. So, why claim the area 53 years later?
The demand of Dai Bingguo is all the more ironic as it comes at a time when China is using ferocious repressive policies against the Tibetans on the other side of the McMahon Line.
It was reported that China "has effectively sealed off a vast Tibetan area of Sichuan province, sending in troops and cutting off communications to towns where protesters have been killed by security forces in the past week."
Presuming that the new Chinese stand on the border had a historical justification (and it does not), would the local Mompa population desire to become Chinese nationals and lose their democratic rights and freedom?
The answer is 'NEVER!
Courtesy: www.claudearpi.blogspot.com
About the author
Claude Arpi writes regularly on Tibet, China, India and Indo-French relations. He is the author of Tibet: The Lost Frontier and Dharamshala and Beijing: the negotiations that never were.
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So funny!A french answered his imaginary question in the name of Mompa.Mr Claude Arpi,what are your answers for the people of Kashmir and Manipur?Did McMahon take counsel with Mompas before he drew the line?Did Nehru ask for Mompas' opinions before he sent troops to Tawang?Will the local Mompas have the right to decide the ownership of Tawang?hahaha.
why did the Chinese not follow the Dalai Lama and his entourage into this area in 1959, if they really believed that it was a part of Chinese territory?The answer is clear, it was not Chinese territory and Mao knew it.-----------------------------------------------------Mr Claude Arpi,to be frank with you,I have soldem met an expert with so low IQ as you.Why doesnt India send troops from India-Occupied-Kashmir to Pakistan-Occupied-Kashmir ?
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It is clear that the 'Tibet' that India recognised as China's and the 'Tibet' the Chinese claim are theirs are two different geographical entities. On that basis alone the Indian recognition of Tibet as China's, remains null and void. A case of apples and oranges. Clearly therefore, Tibet belongs to the Tibetans and China is an occupying force that has to vacate.
當我們看中國的外交，卻發現她很多時會在違背自身價值觀和利益的情況下，向各國妥協。可見中國外交的失敗。中國所實行的睦鄰政策，可說是徹底的失敗。中國現在的領導人奉行鄧小平那套所謂的「韜光養晦」政策。但其實，這只是一種逃避挑戰的鴕鳥政策。當今中國所面臨的惡劣國際環境，則決定了這種鴕鳥政策必然失敗。在這種鴕鳥政策主導下，中國外交不僅畏首畏尾，更胸無大志，既沒有系統的外交戰略，也沒有長遠的外交目標。這種頭痛醫頭、腳痛醫腳式的外交政策，直接導致中國外交在面對各種挑釁時束手無策，盡顯軟弱之態，面對大好機遇時，也因毫無戰略準備而無所作為。對印度對日本甚至是越南，中國都是畏首畏尾，一昧退讓，實行韜光養晦。本來，鄧小平的韜光養晦，是指平時積蓄力量，關鍵時刻果斷出手，是一種積極進取的外交思維。但現在，卻成了一種鴕鳥政策，令人無奈。其實，按照中國現在的實力，根本不用如此讓步，中國對東南亞國家，對日本，甚至是越南，都讓得太多。完全顯示不到大國風範，畏首畏尾的外交政策，只會令中國人蒙羞！至於對印度和越南的外交處理手法，中國簡直令人覺得恥辱。情況就好像當年清政府打贏法國，但仍然賠償法國一樣。令人覺得是絕大的恥辱。中國在和俄羅斯，印度，日本，越南等周遍強國的政治經濟往來中，沒有佔到多少便宜，也沒有讓這些列強放棄對中國崛起的偏見和敵視，自身利益不斷被侵占，不能不說中國的外交政策有很大缺陷，這是中國國家佈局計劃和外交政策慘敗的最佳體現。中國常常想成為一等一的大國，但他的外交卻事事以懦弱的方式勉強了事，實在不能給人任何強國的風範。
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The thing is to realize that a bully does not need a excuse to claim what it wants. It is strange that people in India cannot figure this out and keep debating this and that; Like in the story of the monkey and the two cats. The fact is that China is bully and Tibet is Tibet, it is not China. Indians should realize this and know that war with China/bully is inevitable unless they what kissass like slaves which Indians should have become used to by now because of gora saheb and now the brown saheb.
Excellent analysis ! Unfortunately the mandarins in Indian Foreign Affairs (MEA and PMO) are docile and are a timid lot to challenge the Chinese on their "Tibet". Perhaps the biggest culprit was the BJP when Atal Behari went to China and gave them in writing that Tibet belonged to China in the naive expectation that the Chinese would recognize Sikkim as an Indian state, which however never materialized. This was the biggest Indian blunder after the "Hindi-Chini Bhai-Bhai",